Misinterpretation of anatomy in a case of Mirizzi syndrome during laparoscopic cholecystectomy can lead to serious complications such as injury to the common bile duct or hepatic duct. It is crucial for surgeons to carefully identify and differentiate the structures in the hepatobiliary system to avoid inadvertent damage during the procedure. In cases where Mirizzi syndrome is suspected, preoperative imaging studies can help in proper surgical planning and reduce the risk of complications. Close attention to detail and thorough anatomical knowledge are essential in ensuring a successful outcome in such procedures.